This plugin changes the color temperature of an image via shifting it in the YUV color space:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV
Compile and install it with:
CC="g++ -O2" gimptool-2.0 --install elsamuko-temperature.c
Menu entry is Colors → Color temperature.
Example of a warm setting with lowered exposure:
The YUV color space with the shift, the plugin does: